英 [ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt] 美 [ˈsʌbstɪtuːt]
n. 替代品，代替物；（体育比赛中的）替补队员；令人满意的替代物，与之媲美的事物；<苏格兰，法律>副职
v. 用……代替；（比赛中）替换（运动员）；代替（某人的工作）；（化）取代（分子中的一个或一组原子，尤指氢原子）
adj. 替代性的
[ 复数 substitutes 第三人称单数 substitutes 现在分词 substituting 过去式 substituted 过去分词 substituted ][1]
substitute for 代替，取代
substitute fuel 代用燃料
substitute material 代用材料，代用品
substitute teacher 代课老师
blood substitute [医]血液代用品
substitute product 互替产品；代用产品
substitute function 代用函数
He was brought on as (a) substitute after half-time. 他作为替补队员在下半场上场。
Jefferson entered as a substitute in the 60th minute. 杰斐逊在第60分钟时作为替补队员上了场。
Reduced-calorie cheese is a great substitute for cream cheese. 低卡路里干酪是奶油干酪的极好替代品。
Men fantasize as a substitute for acting out forbidden desires. 人们以幻想来作为宣泄禁欲的替代方式。
You can substitute plain flour if you cannot find self-raising flour. 如果你找不到自发面粉，可以用普通面粉来代替。
She is seeking a substitute for the very man whose departure made her cry. 他在寻找一个男人的替代者，这个男人的离去曾使她伤心落泪。
The printed word is no substitute for personal discussion with a great thinker. 印刷字无法替代与伟大思想家的当面交流。
It's a substitute for drinking with a friend. 它是和朋友喝酒的替代品。
If you cannot go yourself, try to find someone to substitute you. 如果你不能亲自去，试着找人代替你。
Plastic parts can substitute for metal ones, but they don't last long. 塑料零件可以代替金属零件，但是它们不耐用。
Of course, computer simulations are not a substitute for hard evidence. 当然，计算机模拟并不能代替确凿的证据。
He grumbled that 15 pesos would buy only a bun and a slice of ham and was no substitute for a hot meal. 他抱怨说15比索只能买一个面包和一片火腿，不能代替一顿热饭。
Angel says that his plan is "no substitute for developing renewable energy: the only permanent solution". 安吉尔认为他的计划“不能取代对可再生能源的开发，那才是唯一永久的解决方案”。
Marconi's conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation. 马可尼构想的无线电是作为电话的替代品，一种私人交谈的工具。
If we want students to become effective in multicultural settings, one thing is clear: there is no substitute for practice. 如果我们想让学生们在多元文化环境中变得高效的话，有一件事情是很清楚的：没有什么能代替实践。
According to the Nuzi texts, if a wife is barren, she is to provide a maidservant as a substitute to bear her husband's children. 根据Nuzi 文件，如果一个妻子不能生育，她将提供一个女仆作为代替品来为她的丈夫生育孩子。
This limitation derives from Nakane's methodology—that of oral history—which cannot substitute for a broader theoretical or comparative perspective. 口述历史这种局限性源于Nakane 的方法，这不能取代更广泛的理论或比较视角。
However, toward the end of the eighteenth century, as British oak supplies grew scarce, shipbuilders there turned to teak and found in it an ideal substitute. 然而，到18世纪末，随着英国橡木供应的稀缺，那里的造船厂转向柚木，并在其中找到了理想的替代品。
When Hofmann made some passing comments about the desirability of a synthetic substitute for quinine, it was unsurprising that his star pupil was moved to take up the challenge. 当霍夫曼对奎宁的合成替代物的可取性发表完一些简短的评论后，他的得意门生接受挑战也就不足为奇了。
The increasing use of dried animal waste as a substitute fuel has also hurt the soil because this valuable soil conditioner and source of plant nutrients is no longer being returned to the land. 人们开始越来越多地使用脱水后的动物粪便作为替代燃料，这同样会损害土壤，因为这些珍贵的土壤改良剂和植物养分的来源将无法再回归到土壤之中。
The local bus service was a poor substitute for their car. 他们坐当地的公交车，这比坐自己的汽车可差远了。
Paul's father only saw him as a substitute for his dead brother. 保罗的父亲只是把他当作他死去的哥哥来看待。
Nothing can substitute for the advice your doctor is able to give you. 大夫所能给你的忠告是无可替代的。
Business sponsorship must be a supplement to, not a substitute for, public funding. 商业赞助必须是公共资助的补充而非替代物。
The course teaches you the theory but there's no substitute for practical experience. 这门课教的是理论，但没有任何东西能代替实践经验。
High sympathy can substitute for low guilt. 强烈的同情心可以弥补内疚感的不足。
Multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of course. 当然，多种维生素并不能代替锻炼和均衡饮食。
Theory is of great importance but there's no substitute for practical experience. 理论知识是很重要，但是没有任何东西能代替实践经验。
Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. 那些回答说录音不能代替现场表演的忠实音乐会观众，没有抓住问题的关键。[1]